Rome trough ernon anticline fayette anticline brownsville amity anticline anticline western allegheny plateau eastern allegheny plateau ligonier syncline te scale the u. Campanianmaastrichtian, southern benue trough, nigeria. When deeply buried sedimentary rocks are compressed, generally at a site of tectonic plate convergence, they fold much as a rug folds when pushed across a floor. The area has been given less attention with regards to geological studies than the other parts of the lower benue trough or the middle benue trough. Petrology, physicochemical and thermal analyses of. Pdf epub geology and mineral resources of west africa pp 981 cite as.
Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the mamfe formation. The size of the folds varies from small crinkles to large mountainsized folds visible in roadcuts. The benue trough is a major geological structure underlying a large part of nigeria and. The benue trough is an elongate rifted depression in which the sediments reach well over 5000 m thickness in places and have been. Benue basin, during which an ns compression between. Material from neritic regions was thus transported into the bathyal zone only during a geologically instantaneous event e. This map shows areas of historic fill covering more than approximately 5 acres. Pure ethyl cyanoacrylates penetrate deeply into porous bone and have high tensile strength. Ice sheets of the last glacial maximum, as well as extensive mountain glaciers, covered part of the west and had a dramatic effect on the areas topography. Slope failure, mass flow and bottom current processes in. Rapid formation of a modern bedrock canyon by a single. In the southern benue trough the campanianmaastrichtiannkporo shale and enugu shale were sampled. Niger delta are associated with deltas built across the lower reaches of the benue trough. Geophysical and geological evidence for the benuechad basin.
Igneous rocks there are three types of igneous rocks, and they can be told apart in different ways. Generally, this seam has been low in ash, has a medium level sulfur content and is often greater than 36 inches thick. Tectonic and sedimentation framework of the lower benue. Resistant layers stick out and remain as ridges, while surrounding layers of less resistant rock erode away. Fonstad2 deep river canyons are thought to form slowly over geological time see, for example, ref. These faults in the lower benue trough share the same history with the formation of the benue trough, and are probably related to the initial formation and evolution of the benue trough during continental drift. Mar 28, 2014 this study assessed the hydrocarbon generation potentialstiming of the awgu source rock horizons encountered in igbariam1, iji1 and ajire1 wells drilled in the southern benue trough. This study assessed the hydrocarbon generation potentialstiming of the awgu source rock horizons encountered in igbariam1, iji1 and ajire1 wells drilled in the southern benue trough. The early cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the study area and the outcropping and.
While the detachmentrelated carbonate ultracataclasite did not form by melting, it does preserve a magnetic fabric where k max is parallel to the detachment slip direction and records a westward and down paleopole 287 and 27, where magnetite is the carrier mineral. Abstract forty six 46 shale samples were collected from borehole, quarry and outcrop in the northern benue trough which consists of gongola and yola basins respectively. Sediment supply was mainly along drainage systems that followed two failed rift arms, the benue and bida basins. Petroleum source rock potential of the upper benue trough. University of nigeria nsukka unn staff profile prof. The geology of lower benue trough is associated with the tectonic activities. A lot of work covering the area has been done but detailed work is still needed. Shannon 2 1 the margins of the rockall trough currently the focus of oil and gas exploration interest incorporate an environmentallyimportant and lightly studied shelf region. Stratigraphical successionlower benue trough nnamdi. It extends in a northeasterly direction to the chad basin, and is about 150 km wide.
The geologic logs are in the process of being scanned and will be added as time goes on. Leadzincbarytes mineralization in the benue trough. Dynamics of the emplacement of the heart mountain allochthon. Abstract the airborne gravity anomalies interpretation of the lower and middle benue trough of nigeria have carried out. The geology of the lower benue trough has been documented through the tectono. Geological survey purchased the license for the digital data used in this investigation from seismic exchange inc. The lower kittanning coal covers 46 square miles within the region, of which 35 percent 16 square miles is at least three feet thick.
Qualitative interpretation of aeromagnetic data over parts of. Stratigraphic evolution of the benue trough and its. Asu river group of the lower benue trough, southern part of nigeria. Interpretation of gravity anomaly of parts of lower and middle benue trough, nigeria. Crustal structure of southern benue trough, nigeria from 3d. In this paper we intent to interpret the new airborne gravity data obtained from the. The gongola basin comprises bima formation, the yolde formation, pindigagong. A wellarmed field party, mapping the geology of weathertop, in the southeastern bree greek quadrangle. The benue trough is a major geological structure underlying a large part of nigeria and extending about 1,000 km northeast from the bight of benin to lake chad. Geophysical and geological evidence for the benuechad. Madu and ozibo 072 then sub tributaries flow from an elevated plain of about 600ft above sea level, which serves as the main water divide of the area. This paper documents the technical background and engineering formulation for. Schuette introduction the governing board of the state department of geology and mineral industries, in september, 1937, authorized a sur vey of the quicksilver deposits of oregon. Jan 11, 2009 geochemical studies of sandstones from the three lithostratigraphic successions in the southern benue trough of nigeria were undertaken for a geochemical characterization of the sandstones, and to assess their stratigraphic and source evolution.
The benue trough was terminated by a late santonian episode of compressional folding. Sedimentologic summary, nankai trough sites 582 and 583, and japan trench site 5841 william t. Although it is less steep than a trench, a trough can be a narrow basin or a geologic rift. The benue trough is a linear, intracratonic and graben basin, 800 km long and 90 km wide on the average in eastern nigeria ogungbesan and akaegbobi 2011. The trough is arbitrarily divided into lower, middle and upper regions, and the upper region is. The trough is arbitrarily divided into lower, middle and upper regions, and the upper region is further divided into the gongola and yola arms. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here.
Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough, nigeria. There are indications, however, that detailed exploration work in the middle benue could. The rockall trough separates rockall plateau from the continental margin west of the british isles fig. The benue trough of nigeria formed as a result of series of tectonism and repetitive sedimentation in the cretaceous time when south america separated from africa. The unnamed units were lateral ly correlated to the. Geophysical and geological evidence for the benuechad basin cretaceous rift valley system and its tectonic implications. Coulbourn, hawaii institute of geophysics, university of hawaii2 abstract hemipelagic olive gray mud blankets both areas drilled during dsdp leg 87 of the glomar challenger.
The benue trough is conventionally subdivided into a lower benue trough, abakaliki trough of whiteman 1982, a middle benue trough and an upper benue trough benue valley respectively of whiteman 1982. The brownfield and contaminated site remediation act n. The lower benue depression, immediately north of the niger delta, has been extensively explored by drilling. In many areas of the state, especially in the western half of ohio, a. Department of geology, anambra state university, uli, nigeria. The geology of the gboko area, situated in the northeastern part of the lower benue trough of nigeria is the subject of this book. The lower benue trough is the southern portion of the benue trough that is believed to have originated as a failed arm of an aulacogen at the time of the. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. Dsdp site 610 was drilled in the southern rockall trough near the crest of the feni ridge, a major sediment drift some 600 km long, situated along the western margin of the trough jones et al. The present authors consider that the account given by cratchley and jones 1965 in interpreting the geological and gravitational evidence stands as a. Major and trace elements data were obtained from outcrop sandstone samples. The nkporo shale which is distri buted in the southeastern part of the benue trough is a fissile, blue black, highly carbonaceous and occasionally gypsiferous shale with thin marl beds. Leadzincbarytes mineralization in the benue trough, nigeria. The geology of lower benue trough is associated with the tectonic activities that were recorded during the cenomanian.
Lower benue, trough introduction the benue trough is an intracratonic rift trending southwestnortheast from about latitude 60n near the gulf of guinea to about latitude 100n south of the chad basin. The view is toward the north along the intrusive contact between the cretaceous dark tower granodiorite, on the right, and the. Geochemical characterization of cretaceous sandstones from. The study evaluates the relationship between synrift structures and sedimentation in the area. I did not want to hold up putting the models on the web until all the logs had been scanned. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. There are various oceanic troughs, troughs found under oceans. In this study of the middle benue trough, nigeria, gravity data for the area was. Nigerian mining and geoscience society conference, calabar 95, abstracts. This software enabled the integration of burial and thermal influences on awgu source rocks with kinetic parameters. Preliminary report on the paleoenvironments and burial diagenesis of cretaceous sediments in parts of the upper benue trough and their implications for hydrocarbon exploration. The variations in the chemistry between the lower benue and the upper benue. Precambrian surface great unconformity in eastern midwest. Except for noncommercial discoveries of oil and gas and traces of oil and gas on the ground surface, the results of exploration in.
The benue trough is a linear nesw trending anticlinorium stretching from the chad basin in the north to the gulf of guinea through niger delta in the south avbovbo 1980. Although these particular deltas do not extend up the benue depression, deltas of similar age may have been built in the lower reaches of the bida basin and yola trough and could contain coal deposits. The benue trough is an intracontinental rift initiated in the cretaceous during the. Ume jl department of geologv, university of nigeria, nsukka, nigeria abstract some intrusive rocks of doleritic to dioritic compositions horn the ejekwe. These features often form at the rim of tectonic plates. Hydrocarbon generation potentials of the awgu shale, lower. N3 1,2,3department of geology, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria abstract palynological baseline data acquisition and analysis were carried on longitudes 6. The theme of this project is geology, petroleum, and mineral resources potential. The lower benue trough is the southern portion of the benue trough that is believed to have originated as a failed arm of an aulacogen at the time of the opening of the south atlantic oceans during the separation of the african plate and the south american plate. The stratigraphic correlations for the lower southwest, middle, and upper northeast benue is given in table 1 as presented by kogbe 1981a. Thick sedimentary cover of varied composition whose age ranges from albian to maastrichtian is said tocharacterize this trough obaje, 2004.
Anomaly ithe benue trough the benue trough has been considered by many authors in discussion on the origin of this feature king 1950, carter. Geology of parts of gboko and makurdi local government. Two versions of the pdf map are give, one with 100 ft structure contour intervals tubb structure 100 ft contours. Afikpo is located in the southern benue trough, between the abakiliki anticlinorium running. Interpretation of gravity anomaly of parts of lower and. It can be inferred therefore, that most of the present tectonic elements in the lower benue trough were probably formed during the well documented santonian teconism murat 1972, burke etal. The sio2al2o3, fe2o3k2o ratios and cao contents have been used to. It is part of the broader west and central african rift system. Geochemical studies of sandstones from the three lithostratigraphic successions in the southern benue trough of nigeria were undertaken for a geochemical characterization of the sandstones, and to assess their stratigraphic and source evolution. Qst1 lower post glacial stream terrace deposits description. Precambrian surface great unconformity in eastern midwest paul e. Mineralisation, paragenesis, brecciation, lower benue, trough introduction the benue trough is an intracratonic rift trending southwestnortheast from about latitude 60n near the gulf of guinea to about latitude 100n south of the chad basin.
Ofoegbu editor, structure and evolution of the benue trough. Pdf crustal structure of southern benue trough, nigeria from 3d. Benthic foraminifera at the cretaceoustertiary boundary. Lower, middle and upper benue valley in place of trough. Geology and stratigraphy of middle cretaceous sequences. Cretaceous stratigraphy of the middle and lower benue trough figure i is a map of the geology of the benue trough region of nigeria. Midterm 10 study guide version 2 metamorphic rocks what causes metamorphism. Stratigraphic report of the middle benue trough, nigeria. It is located between longitudes 7 000e to 8030e and latitudes 7 00n to 8 00n with an area extent of approximately,128 square kilometers. This format may be viewed on any computer that has adobe acrobat reader installed and is a fixed map that cannot be modified or overlain on other maps. The benue trough of nigeria figure 1a is an intracontinental basin in central west africa that extends ne to sw. In accordance with this authorization the author made field trips to the central, southwestern, and southeastern quicksilver districts of oregon. Paleobiogeographic evidence and regional facies distribution in the sahara and northeast benue trough do not support an open connection between the late cretaceous saharan sea and the benue trough. In contrast, some of the most spectacular canyons on earth and mars were probably carved.
The benue trough is a major tectonic feature of west africa, trending in the nesw direction and. The lower benue trough in aptiansantonian times was therefore a simple rift with faster subsidence at the southern end fig. In geology, a trough is a linear structural depression that extends laterally over a distance. Geology of parts of gboko and makurdi local government areas. As there will be in excess of mb of scanned files, i will probably. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough. Geology of parts of gboko and makurdi local government areas, benue state, nigeria. The trough has its southern limit at the northern boundary of the niger delta, where it dips down and is overlaid with tertiary and more recent sediments. Introduction the benue trough is a unique rift feature on the african continent in that it occupies an. Therefore, if all other conditions for the formation of hydrocarbon from organic matters like temperature and marine sediments are. The nigerian benue trough was divided into three sub troughs viz. The mapped area has three drainage basins which are separated by water divide.
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